Geth VM Trace Transaction

GETH Trace for Txn Hash 0x41f6b0bcda1d3acefa2b334a1fa4fae9b3299294b6acdcfe6b4e2bcababa1bbf

Contract transaction successfully completed.

Raw traces

A total of 524 steps found

Step	PC	Operation	Gas	GasCost	Depth
[1]	0	PUSH1	78332	3	1
[2]	2	PUSH1	78329	3	1
[3]	4	MSTORE	78326	12	1
[4]	5	PUSH1	78314	3	1
[5]	7	CALLDATASIZE	78311	2	1
[6]	8	LT	78309	3	1
[7]	9	PUSH2	78306	3	1
[8]	12	JUMPI	78303	10	1
[9]	13	PUSH1	78293	3	1
[10]	15	CALLDATALOAD	78290	3	1
[11]	16	PUSH29	78287	3	1
[12]	46	SWAP1	78284	3	1
[13]	47	DIV	78281	5	1
[14]	48	PUSH4	78276	3	1
[15]	53	AND	78273	3	1
[16]	54	DUP1	78270	3	1
[17]	55	PUSH4	78267	3	1
[18]	60	EQ	78264	3	1
[19]	61	PUSH2	78261	3	1
[20]	64	JUMPI	78258	10	1
[21]	65	DUP1	78248	3	1
[22]	66	PUSH4	78245	3	1
[23]	71	EQ	78242	3	1
[24]	72	PUSH2	78239	3	1
[25]	75	JUMPI	78236	10	1
[26]	76	DUP1	78226	3	1
[27]	77	PUSH4	78223	3	1
[28]	82	EQ	78220	3	1
[29]	83	PUSH2	78217	3	1
[30]	86	JUMPI	78214	10	1
[31]	87	DUP1	78204	3	1
[32]	88	PUSH4	78201	3	1
[33]	93	EQ	78198	3	1
[34]	94	PUSH2	78195	3	1
[35]	97	JUMPI	78192	10	1
[36]	98	DUP1	78182	3	1
[37]	99	PUSH4	78179	3	1
[38]	104	EQ	78176	3	1
[39]	105	PUSH2	78173	3	1
[40]	108	JUMPI	78170	10	1
[41]	109	DUP1	78160	3	1
[42]	110	PUSH4	78157	3	1
[43]	115	EQ	78154	3	1
[44]	116	PUSH2	78151	3	1
[45]	119	JUMPI	78148	10	1
[46]	120	DUP1	78138	3	1
[47]	121	PUSH4	78135	3	1
[48]	126	EQ	78132	3	1
[49]	127	PUSH2	78129	3	1
[50]	130	JUMPI	78126	10	1
[51]	131	DUP1	78116	3	1
[52]	132	PUSH4	78113	3	1
[53]	137	EQ	78110	3	1
[54]	138	PUSH2	78107	3	1
[55]	141	JUMPI	78104	10	1
[56]	142	DUP1	78094	3	1
[57]	143	PUSH4	78091	3	1
[58]	148	EQ	78088	3	1
[59]	149	PUSH2	78085	3	1
[60]	152	JUMPI	78082	10	1
[61]	153	DUP1	78072	3	1
[62]	154	PUSH4	78069	3	1
[63]	159	EQ	78066	3	1
[64]	160	PUSH2	78063	3	1
[65]	163	JUMPI	78060	10	1
[66]	164	DUP1	78050	3	1
[67]	165	PUSH4	78047	3	1
[68]	170	EQ	78044	3	1
[69]	171	PUSH2	78041	3	1
[70]	174	JUMPI	78038	10	1
[71]	1302	JUMPDEST	78028	1	1
[72]	1303	CALLVALUE	78027	2	1
[73]	1304	ISZERO	78025	3	1
[74]	1305	PUSH2	78022	3	1
[75]	1308	JUMPI	78019	10	1
[76]	1313	JUMPDEST	78009	1	1
[77]	1314	PUSH2	78008	3	1
[78]	1317	PUSH1	78005	3	1
[79]	1319	DUP1	78002	3	1
[80]	1320	DUP1	77999	3	1
[81]	1321	CALLDATALOAD	77996	3	1
[82]	1322	PUSH20	77993	3	1
[83]	1343	AND	77990	3	1
[84]	1344	SWAP1	77987	3	1
[85]	1345	PUSH1	77984	3	1
[86]	1347	ADD	77981	3	1
[87]	1348	SWAP1	77978	3	1
[88]	1349	SWAP2	77975	3	1
[89]	1350	SWAP1	77972	3	1
[90]	1351	DUP1	77969	3	1
[91]	1352	CALLDATALOAD	77966	3	1
[92]	1353	SWAP1	77963	3	1
[93]	1354	PUSH1	77960	3	1
[94]	1356	ADD	77957	3	1
[95]	1357	SWAP1	77954	3	1
[96]	1358	SWAP2	77951	3	1
[97]	1359	SWAP1	77948	3	1
[98]	1360	POP	77945	2	1
[99]	1361	POP	77943	2	1
[100]	1362	PUSH2	77941	3	1
[101]	1365	JUMP	77938	8	1
[102]	3074	JUMPDEST	77930	1	1
[103]	3075	PUSH2	77929	3	1
[104]	3078	CALLER	77926	2	1
[105]	3079	DUP4	77924	3	1
[106]	3080	DUP4	77921	3	1
[107]	3081	PUSH2	77918	3	1
[108]	3084	JUMP	77915	8	1
[109]	3447	JUMPDEST	77907	1	1
[110]	3448	PUSH1	77906	3	1
[111]	3450	DUP2	77903	3	1
[112]	3451	PUSH1	77900	3	1
[113]	3453	PUSH1	77897	3	1
[114]	3455	DUP7	77894	3	1
[115]	3456	PUSH20	77891	3	1
[116]	3477	AND	77888	3	1
[117]	3478	PUSH20	77885	3	1
[118]	3499	AND	77882	3	1
[119]	3500	DUP2	77879	3	1
[120]	3501	MSTORE	77876	3	1
[121]	3502	PUSH1	77873	3	1
[122]	3504	ADD	77870	3	1
[123]	3505	SWAP1	77867	3	1
[124]	3506	DUP2	77864	3	1
[125]	3507	MSTORE	77861	3	1
[126]	3508	PUSH1	77858	3	1
[127]	3510	ADD	77855	3	1
[128]	3511	PUSH1	77852	3	1
[129]	3513	KECCAK256	77849	42	1
[130]	3514	SLOAD	77807	2100	1
[131]	3515	LT	75707	3	1
[132]	3516	ISZERO	75704	3	1
[133]	3517	ISZERO	75701	3	1
[134]	3518	ISZERO	75698	3	1
[135]	3519	PUSH2	75695	3	1
[136]	3522	JUMPI	75692	10	1
[137]	3527	JUMPDEST	75682	1	1
[138]	3528	PUSH1	75681	3	1
[139]	3530	PUSH1	75678	3	1
[140]	3532	DUP5	75675	3	1
[141]	3533	PUSH20	75672	3	1
[142]	3554	AND	75669	3	1
[143]	3555	PUSH20	75666	3	1
[144]	3576	AND	75663	3	1
[145]	3577	DUP2	75660	3	1
[146]	3578	MSTORE	75657	3	1
[147]	3579	PUSH1	75654	3	1
[148]	3581	ADD	75651	3	1
[149]	3582	SWAP1	75648	3	1
[150]	3583	DUP2	75645	3	1
[151]	3584	MSTORE	75642	3	1
[152]	3585	PUSH1	75639	3	1
[153]	3587	ADD	75636	3	1
[154]	3588	PUSH1	75633	3	1
[155]	3590	KECCAK256	75630	42	1
[156]	3591	SLOAD	75588	2100	1
[157]	3592	DUP3	73488	3	1
[158]	3593	PUSH1	73485	3	1
[159]	3595	PUSH1	73482	3	1
[160]	3597	DUP7	73479	3	1
[161]	3598	PUSH20	73476	3	1
[162]	3619	AND	73473	3	1
[163]	3620	PUSH20	73470	3	1
[164]	3641	AND	73467	3	1
[165]	3642	DUP2	73464	3	1
[166]	3643	MSTORE	73461	3	1
[167]	3644	PUSH1	73458	3	1
[168]	3646	ADD	73455	3	1
[169]	3647	SWAP1	73452	3	1
[170]	3648	DUP2	73449	3	1
[171]	3649	MSTORE	73446	3	1
[172]	3650	PUSH1	73443	3	1
[173]	3652	ADD	73440	3	1
[174]	3653	PUSH1	73437	3	1
[175]	3655	KECCAK256	73434	42	1
[176]	3656	SLOAD	73392	100	1
[177]	3657	ADD	73292	3	1
[178]	3658	GT	73289	3	1
[179]	3659	ISZERO	73286	3	1
[180]	3660	ISZERO	73283	3	1
[181]	3661	PUSH2	73280	3	1
[182]	3664	JUMPI	73277	10	1
[183]	3669	JUMPDEST	73267	1	1
[184]	3670	PUSH2	73266	3	1
[185]	3673	PUSH1	73263	3	1
[186]	3675	PUSH1	73260	3	1
[187]	3677	DUP6	73257	3	1
[188]	3678	PUSH20	73254	3	1
[189]	3699	AND	73251	3	1
[190]	3700	PUSH20	73248	3	1
[191]	3721	AND	73245	3	1
[192]	3722	DUP2	73242	3	1
[193]	3723	MSTORE	73239	3	1
[194]	3724	PUSH1	73236	3	1
[195]	3726	ADD	73233	3	1
[196]	3727	SWAP1	73230	3	1
[197]	3728	DUP2	73227	3	1
[198]	3729	MSTORE	73224	3	1
[199]	3730	PUSH1	73221	3	1
[200]	3732	ADD	73218	3	1
[201]	3733	PUSH1	73215	3	1
[202]	3735	KECCAK256	73212	42	1
[203]	3736	SLOAD	73170	100	1
[204]	3737	PUSH1	73070	3	1
[205]	3739	PUSH1	73067	3	1
[206]	3741	DUP8	73064	3	1
[207]	3742	PUSH20	73061	3	1
[208]	3763	AND	73058	3	1
[209]	3764	PUSH20	73055	3	1
[210]	3785	AND	73052	3	1
[211]	3786	DUP2	73049	3	1
[212]	3787	MSTORE	73046	3	1
[213]	3788	PUSH1	73043	3	1
[214]	3790	ADD	73040	3	1
[215]	3791	SWAP1	73037	3	1
[216]	3792	DUP2	73034	3	1
[217]	3793	MSTORE	73031	3	1
[218]	3794	PUSH1	73028	3	1
[219]	3796	ADD	73025	3	1
[220]	3797	PUSH1	73022	3	1
[221]	3799	KECCAK256	73019	42	1
[222]	3800	SLOAD	72977	100	1
[223]	3801	PUSH2	72877	3	1
[224]	3804	SWAP1	72874	3	1
[225]	3805	SWAP2	72871	3	1
[226]	3806	SWAP1	72868	3	1
[227]	3807	PUSH4	72865	3	1
[228]	3812	AND	72862	3	1
[229]	3813	JUMP	72859	8	1
[230]	4376	JUMPDEST	72851	1	1
[231]	4377	PUSH1	72850	3	1
[232]	4379	DUP1	72847	3	1
[233]	4380	DUP3	72844	3	1
[234]	4381	DUP5	72841	3	1
[235]	4382	ADD	72838	3	1
[236]	4383	SWAP1	72835	3	1
[237]	4384	POP	72832	2	1
[238]	4385	DUP4	72830	3	1
[239]	4386	DUP2	72827	3	1
[240]	4387	LT	72824	3	1
[241]	4388	ISZERO	72821	3	1
[242]	4389	ISZERO	72818	3	1
[243]	4390	ISZERO	72815	3	1
[244]	4391	PUSH2	72812	3	1
[245]	4394	JUMPI	72809	10	1
[246]	4396	JUMPDEST	72799	1	1
[247]	4397	DUP1	72798	3	1
[248]	4398	SWAP2	72795	3	1
[249]	4399	POP	72792	2	1
[250]	4400	POP	72790	2	1
[251]	4401	SWAP3	72788	3	1
[252]	4402	SWAP2	72785	3	1
[253]	4403	POP	72782	2	1
[254]	4404	POP	72780	2	1
[255]	4405	JUMP	72778	8	1
[256]	3814	JUMPDEST	72770	1	1
[257]	3815	SWAP1	72769	3	1
[258]	3816	POP	72766	2	1
[259]	3817	PUSH2	72764	3	1
[260]	3820	DUP3	72761	3	1
[261]	3821	PUSH1	72758	3	1
[262]	3823	PUSH1	72755	3	1
[263]	3825	DUP8	72752	3	1
[264]	3826	PUSH20	72749	3	1
[265]	3847	AND	72746	3	1
[266]	3848	PUSH20	72743	3	1
[267]	3869	AND	72740	3	1
[268]	3870	DUP2	72737	3	1
[269]	3871	MSTORE	72734	3	1
[270]	3872	PUSH1	72731	3	1
[271]	3874	ADD	72728	3	1
[272]	3875	SWAP1	72725	3	1
[273]	3876	DUP2	72722	3	1
[274]	3877	MSTORE	72719	3	1
[275]	3878	PUSH1	72716	3	1
[276]	3880	ADD	72713	3	1
[277]	3881	PUSH1	72710	3	1
[278]	3883	KECCAK256	72707	42	1
[279]	3884	SLOAD	72665	100	1
[280]	3885	PUSH2	72565	3	1
[281]	3888	SWAP1	72562	3	1
[282]	3889	SWAP2	72559	3	1
[283]	3890	SWAP1	72556	3	1
[284]	3891	PUSH4	72553	3	1
[285]	3896	AND	72550	3	1
[286]	3897	JUMP	72547	8	1
[287]	3422	JUMPDEST	72539	1	1
[288]	3423	PUSH1	72538	3	1
[289]	3425	DUP3	72535	3	1
[290]	3426	DUP3	72532	3	1
[291]	3427	GT	72529	3	1
[292]	3428	ISZERO	72526	3	1
[293]	3429	ISZERO	72523	3	1
[294]	3430	ISZERO	72520	3	1
[295]	3431	PUSH2	72517	3	1
[296]	3434	JUMPI	72514	10	1
[297]	3436	JUMPDEST	72504	1	1
[298]	3437	DUP2	72503	3	1
[299]	3438	DUP4	72500	3	1
[300]	3439	SUB	72497	3	1
[301]	3440	SWAP1	72494	3	1
[302]	3441	POP	72491	2	1
[303]	3442	SWAP3	72489	3	1
[304]	3443	SWAP2	72486	3	1
[305]	3444	POP	72483	2	1
[306]	3445	POP	72481	2	1
[307]	3446	JUMP	72479	8	1
[308]	3898	JUMPDEST	72471	1	1
[309]	3899	PUSH1	72470	3	1
[310]	3901	PUSH1	72467	3	1
[311]	3903	DUP7	72464	3	1
[312]	3904	PUSH20	72461	3	1
[313]	3925	AND	72458	3	1
[314]	3926	PUSH20	72455	3	1
[315]	3947	AND	72452	3	1
[316]	3948	DUP2	72449	3	1
[317]	3949	MSTORE	72446	3	1
[318]	3950	PUSH1	72443	3	1
[319]	3952	ADD	72440	3	1
[320]	3953	SWAP1	72437	3	1
[321]	3954	DUP2	72434	3	1
[322]	3955	MSTORE	72431	3	1
[323]	3956	PUSH1	72428	3	1
[324]	3958	ADD	72425	3	1
[325]	3959	PUSH1	72422	3	1
[326]	3961	KECCAK256	72419	42	1
[327]	3962	DUP2	72377	3	1
[328]	3963	SWAP1	72374	3	1
[329]	3964	SSTORE	72371	2900	1
[330]	3965	POP	69471	2	1
[331]	3966	PUSH2	69469	3	1
[332]	3969	DUP3	69466	3	1
[333]	3970	PUSH1	69463	3	1
[334]	3972	PUSH1	69460	3	1
[335]	3974	DUP7	69457	3	1
[336]	3975	PUSH20	69454	3	1
[337]	3996	AND	69451	3	1
[338]	3997	PUSH20	69448	3	1
[339]	4018	AND	69445	3	1
[340]	4019	DUP2	69442	3	1
[341]	4020	MSTORE	69439	3	1
[342]	4021	PUSH1	69436	3	1
[343]	4023	ADD	69433	3	1
[344]	4024	SWAP1	69430	3	1
[345]	4025	DUP2	69427	3	1
[346]	4026	MSTORE	69424	3	1
[347]	4027	PUSH1	69421	3	1
[348]	4029	ADD	69418	3	1
[349]	4030	PUSH1	69415	3	1
[350]	4032	KECCAK256	69412	42	1
[351]	4033	SLOAD	69370	100	1
[352]	4034	PUSH2	69270	3	1
[353]	4037	SWAP1	69267	3	1
[354]	4038	SWAP2	69264	3	1
[355]	4039	SWAP1	69261	3	1
[356]	4040	PUSH4	69258	3	1
[357]	4045	AND	69255	3	1
[358]	4046	JUMP	69252	8	1
[359]	4376	JUMPDEST	69244	1	1
[360]	4377	PUSH1	69243	3	1
[361]	4379	DUP1	69240	3	1
[362]	4380	DUP3	69237	3	1
[363]	4381	DUP5	69234	3	1
[364]	4382	ADD	69231	3	1
[365]	4383	SWAP1	69228	3	1
[366]	4384	POP	69225	2	1
[367]	4385	DUP4	69223	3	1
[368]	4386	DUP2	69220	3	1
[369]	4387	LT	69217	3	1
[370]	4388	ISZERO	69214	3	1
[371]	4389	ISZERO	69211	3	1
[372]	4390	ISZERO	69208	3	1
[373]	4391	PUSH2	69205	3	1
[374]	4394	JUMPI	69202	10	1
[375]	4396	JUMPDEST	69192	1	1
[376]	4397	DUP1	69191	3	1
[377]	4398	SWAP2	69188	3	1
[378]	4399	POP	69185	2	1
[379]	4400	POP	69183	2	1
[380]	4401	SWAP3	69181	3	1
[381]	4402	SWAP2	69178	3	1
[382]	4403	POP	69175	2	1
[383]	4404	POP	69173	2	1
[384]	4405	JUMP	69171	8	1
[385]	4047	JUMPDEST	69163	1	1
[386]	4048	PUSH1	69162	3	1
[387]	4050	PUSH1	69159	3	1
[388]	4052	DUP6	69156	3	1
[389]	4053	PUSH20	69153	3	1
[390]	4074	AND	69150	3	1
[391]	4075	PUSH20	69147	3	1
[392]	4096	AND	69144	3	1
[393]	4097	DUP2	69141	3	1
[394]	4098	MSTORE	69138	3	1
[395]	4099	PUSH1	69135	3	1
[396]	4101	ADD	69132	3	1
[397]	4102	SWAP1	69129	3	1
[398]	4103	DUP2	69126	3	1
[399]	4104	MSTORE	69123	3	1
[400]	4105	PUSH1	69120	3	1
[401]	4107	ADD	69117	3	1
[402]	4108	PUSH1	69114	3	1
[403]	4110	KECCAK256	69111	42	1
[404]	4111	DUP2	69069	3	1
[405]	4112	SWAP1	69066	3	1
[406]	4113	SSTORE	69063	2900	1
[407]	4114	POP	66163	2	1
[408]	4115	DUP3	66161	3	1
[409]	4116	PUSH20	66158	3	1
[410]	4137	AND	66155	3	1
[411]	4138	DUP5	66152	3	1
[412]	4139	PUSH20	66149	3	1
[413]	4160	AND	66146	3	1
[414]	4161	PUSH32	66143	3	1
[415]	4194	DUP5	66140	3	1
[416]	4195	PUSH1	66137	3	1
[417]	4197	MLOAD	66134	3	1
[418]	4198	DUP1	66131	3	1
[419]	4199	DUP3	66128	3	1
[420]	4200	DUP2	66125	3	1
[421]	4201	MSTORE	66122	6	1
[422]	4202	PUSH1	66116	3	1
[423]	4204	ADD	66113	3	1
[424]	4205	SWAP2	66110	3	1
[425]	4206	POP	66107	2	1
[426]	4207	POP	66105	2	1
[427]	4208	PUSH1	66103	3	1
[428]	4210	MLOAD	66100	3	1
[429]	4211	DUP1	66097	3	1
[430]	4212	SWAP2	66094	3	1
[431]	4213	SUB	66091	3	1
[432]	4214	SWAP1	66088	3	1
[433]	4215	LOG3	66085	1756	1
[434]	4216	DUP1	64329	3	1
[435]	4217	PUSH2	64326	3	1
[436]	4220	PUSH1	64323	3	1
[437]	4222	PUSH1	64320	3	1
[438]	4224	DUP7	64317	3	1
[439]	4225	PUSH20	64314	3	1
[440]	4246	AND	64311	3	1
[441]	4247	PUSH20	64308	3	1
[442]	4268	AND	64305	3	1
[443]	4269	DUP2	64302	3	1
[444]	4270	MSTORE	64299	3	1
[445]	4271	PUSH1	64296	3	1
[446]	4273	ADD	64293	3	1
[447]	4274	SWAP1	64290	3	1
[448]	4275	DUP2	64287	3	1
[449]	4276	MSTORE	64284	3	1
[450]	4277	PUSH1	64281	3	1
[451]	4279	ADD	64278	3	1
[452]	4280	PUSH1	64275	3	1
[453]	4282	KECCAK256	64272	42	1
[454]	4283	SLOAD	64230	100	1
[455]	4284	PUSH1	64130	3	1
[456]	4286	PUSH1	64127	3	1
[457]	4288	DUP9	64124	3	1
[458]	4289	PUSH20	64121	3	1
[459]	4310	AND	64118	3	1
[460]	4311	PUSH20	64115	3	1
[461]	4332	AND	64112	3	1
[462]	4333	DUP2	64109	3	1
[463]	4334	MSTORE	64106	3	1
[464]	4335	PUSH1	64103	3	1
[465]	4337	ADD	64100	3	1
[466]	4338	SWAP1	64097	3	1
[467]	4339	DUP2	64094	3	1
[468]	4340	MSTORE	64091	3	1
[469]	4341	PUSH1	64088	3	1
[470]	4343	ADD	64085	3	1
[471]	4344	PUSH1	64082	3	1
[472]	4346	KECCAK256	64079	42	1
[473]	4347	SLOAD	64037	100	1
[474]	4348	PUSH2	63937	3	1
[475]	4351	SWAP1	63934	3	1
[476]	4352	SWAP2	63931	3	1
[477]	4353	SWAP1	63928	3	1
[478]	4354	PUSH4	63925	3	1
[479]	4359	AND	63922	3	1
[480]	4360	JUMP	63919	8	1
[481]	4376	JUMPDEST	63911	1	1
[482]	4377	PUSH1	63910	3	1
[483]	4379	DUP1	63907	3	1
[484]	4380	DUP3	63904	3	1
[485]	4381	DUP5	63901	3	1
[486]	4382	ADD	63898	3	1
[487]	4383	SWAP1	63895	3	1
[488]	4384	POP	63892	2	1
[489]	4385	DUP4	63890	3	1
[490]	4386	DUP2	63887	3	1
[491]	4387	LT	63884	3	1
[492]	4388	ISZERO	63881	3	1
[493]	4389	ISZERO	63878	3	1
[494]	4390	ISZERO	63875	3	1
[495]	4391	PUSH2	63872	3	1
[496]	4394	JUMPI	63869	10	1
[497]	4396	JUMPDEST	63859	1	1
[498]	4397	DUP1	63858	3	1
[499]	4398	SWAP2	63855	3	1
[500]	4399	POP	63852	2	1
[501]	4400	POP	63850	2	1
[502]	4401	SWAP3	63848	3	1
[503]	4402	SWAP2	63845	3	1
[504]	4403	POP	63842	2	1
[505]	4404	POP	63840	2	1
[506]	4405	JUMP	63838	8	1
[507]	4361	JUMPDEST	63830	1	1
[508]	4362	EQ	63829	3	1
[509]	4363	ISZERO	63826	3	1
[510]	4364	ISZERO	63823	3	1
[511]	4365	PUSH2	63820	3	1
[512]	4368	JUMPI	63817	10	1
[513]	4370	JUMPDEST	63807	1	1
[514]	4371	POP	63806	2	1
[515]	4372	POP	63804	2	1
[516]	4373	POP	63802	2	1
[517]	4374	POP	63800	2	1
[518]	4375	JUMP	63798	8	1
[519]	3085	JUMPDEST	63790	1	1
[520]	3086	POP	63789	2	1
[521]	3087	POP	63787	2	1
[522]	3088	JUMP	63785	8	1
[523]	1366	JUMPDEST	63777	1	1
[524]	1367	STOP	63776	0	1

Tools & Services

Geth VM Trace Transaction