ETH Price: $2,033.42 (+4.09%)

Transaction Decoder

Block:
20965488 at Oct-14-2024 06:06:35 PM +UTC
Transaction Fee:
0.001282250709203708 ETH $2.61
Gas Used:
51,236 Gas / 25.026362503 Gwei

Account State Difference:

  Address   Before After State Difference Code
0x1eb2cB2F...9B55b4043
0.02321 Eth
Nonce: 0
0.003327749290796292 Eth
Nonce: 1
0.019882250709203708
0x39a383A2...63b311FF2 11.5502085 Eth11.5685295 Eth0.018321
0x7b94266C...624494731 3.298633309294659544 Eth3.298912309294659544 Eth0.000279
(beaverbuild)
13.889281084101309161 Eth13.889377500006109161 Eth0.0000964159048

Execution Trace

ETH 0.0186 DePayRouterV2.pay( payment=[{name:amountIn, type:uint256, order:1, indexed:false, value:18600000000000000, valueString:18600000000000000}, {name:permit2, type:bool, order:2, indexed:false, value:false, valueString:False}, {name:paymentAmount, type:uint256, order:3, indexed:false, value:18321000000000000, valueString:18321000000000000}, {name:feeAmount, type:uint256, order:4, indexed:false, value:279000000000000, valueString:279000000000000}, {name:tokenInAddress, type:address, order:5, indexed:false, value:0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE, valueString:0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE}, {name:exchangeAddress, type:address, order:6, indexed:false, value:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, valueString:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000}, {name:tokenOutAddress, type:address, order:7, indexed:false, value:0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE, valueString:0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE}, {name:paymentReceiverAddress, type:address, order:8, indexed:false, value:0x39a383A27F95CF375920745E0eA70CE63b311FF2, valueString:0x39a383A27F95CF375920745E0eA70CE63b311FF2}, {name:feeReceiverAddress, type:address, order:9, indexed:false, value:0x7b94266CA5cC36005b3043e1ffE5EBd624494731, valueString:0x7b94266CA5cC36005b3043e1ffE5EBd624494731}, {name:exchangeType, type:uint8, order:10, indexed:false, value:0, valueString:0}, {name:receiverType, type:uint8, order:11, indexed:false, value:0, valueString:0}, {name:exchangeCallData, type:bytes, order:12, indexed:false, value:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, valueString:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000}, {name:receiverCallData, type:bytes, order:13, indexed:false, value:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, valueString:0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000}, {name:deadline, type:uint256, order:14, indexed:false, value:1728932774, valueString:1728932774}] ) => ( True )
  • ETH 0.018321 0x39a383a27f95cf375920745e0ea70ce63b311ff2.CALL( )
  • ETH 0.000279 0x7b94266ca5cc36005b3043e1ffe5ebd624494731.CALL( )
    pay[DePayRouterV2 (ln:891)]
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol
    
    // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
     * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
     * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
     * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
     * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
     * is concerned).
     *
     * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
     */
    abstract contract Context {
        function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
            return msg.sender;
        }
    
        function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
            return msg.data;
        }
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol
    
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Context.sol";
    
    /**
     * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
     * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
     * specific functions.
     *
     * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
     * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
     *
     * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
     * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
     * the owner.
     */
    abstract contract Ownable is Context {
        address private _owner;
    
        event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    
        /**
         * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
         */
        constructor() {
            _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
         */
        modifier onlyOwner() {
            _checkOwner();
            _;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
         */
        function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
            return _owner;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
         */
        function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
            require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
         * `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
         *
         * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
         * thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
         */
        function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
            _transferOwnership(address(0));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
         * Can only be called by the current owner.
         */
        function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
            require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
            _transferOwnership(newOwner);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
         * Internal function without access restriction.
         */
        function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
            address oldOwner = _owner;
            _owner = newOwner;
            emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
        }
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol
    
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (access/Ownable2Step.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
    
    /**
     * @dev Contract module which provides access control mechanism, where
     * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
     * specific functions.
     *
     * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
     * can later be changed with {transferOwnership} and {acceptOwnership}.
     *
     * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available all functions
     * from parent (Ownable).
     */
    abstract contract Ownable2Step is Ownable {
        address private _pendingOwner;
    
        event OwnershipTransferStarted(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the address of the pending owner.
         */
        function pendingOwner() public view virtual returns (address) {
            return _pendingOwner;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Starts the ownership transfer of the contract to a new account. Replaces the pending transfer if there is one.
         * Can only be called by the current owner.
         */
        function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual override onlyOwner {
            _pendingOwner = newOwner;
            emit OwnershipTransferStarted(owner(), newOwner);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`) and deletes any pending owner.
         * Internal function without access restriction.
         */
        function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual override {
            delete _pendingOwner;
            super._transferOwnership(newOwner);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev The new owner accepts the ownership transfer.
         */
        function acceptOwnership() public virtual {
            address sender = _msgSender();
            require(pendingOwner() == sender, "Ownable2Step: caller is not the new owner");
            _transferOwnership(sender);
        }
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol
    
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
     */
    interface IERC20 {
        /**
         * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
         * another (`to`).
         *
         * Note that `value` may be zero.
         */
        event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
    
        /**
         * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
         * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
         */
        event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
         */
        function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
         */
        function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
         *
         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
         *
         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
         */
        function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
         * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
         * zero by default.
         *
         * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
         */
        function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
         *
         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
         *
         * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
         * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
         * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
         * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
         * desired value afterwards:
         * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
         *
         * Emits an {Approval} event.
         */
        function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    
        /**
         * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
         * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
         * allowance.
         *
         * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
         *
         * Emits a {Transfer} event.
         */
        function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol
    
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    /**
     * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
     *
     * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
     * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
     * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
     */
    interface IERC20Permit {
        /**
         * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
         * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
         *
         * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
         * ordering also apply here.
         *
         * Emits an {Approval} event.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
         * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
         * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
         * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
         * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
         *
         * For more information on the signature format, see the
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
         * section].
         */
        function permit(
            address owner,
            address spender,
            uint256 value,
            uint256 deadline,
            uint8 v,
            bytes32 r,
            bytes32 s
        ) external;
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
         * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
         *
         * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
         * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
         */
        function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);
    
        /**
         * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
         */
        // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
        function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol
    
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.0) (utils/Address.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.1;
    
    /**
     * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
     */
    library Address {
        /**
         * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
         *
         * [IMPORTANT]
         * ====
         * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
         * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
         *
         * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
         * types of addresses:
         *
         *  - an externally-owned account
         *  - a contract in construction
         *  - an address where a contract will be created
         *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
         *
         * Furthermore, `isContract` will also return true if the target contract within
         * the same transaction is already scheduled for destruction by `SELFDESTRUCT`,
         * which only has an effect at the end of a transaction.
         * ====
         *
         * [IMPORTANT]
         * ====
         * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
         *
         * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
         * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
         * constructor.
         * ====
         */
        function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
            // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
            // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
            // of the constructor execution.
    
            return account.code.length > 0;
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
         * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
         *
         * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
         * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
         * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
         * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
         *
         * https://consensys.net/diligence/blog/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
         *
         * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
         * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
         * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
         * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.8.0/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
         */
        function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
            require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");
    
            (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
            require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
         * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
         * function instead.
         *
         * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
         * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
         *
         * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
         * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - `target` must be a contract.
         * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
         * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCall(
            address target,
            bytes memory data,
            string memory errorMessage
        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
         * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
         *
         * Requirements:
         *
         * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
         * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCallWithValue(address target, bytes memory data, uint256 value) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
         * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
         *
         * _Available since v3.1._
         */
        function functionCallWithValue(
            address target,
            bytes memory data,
            uint256 value,
            string memory errorMessage
        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
            return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a static call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.3._
         */
        function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a static call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.3._
         */
        function functionStaticCall(
            address target,
            bytes memory data,
            string memory errorMessage
        ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
            return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a delegate call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
         * but performing a delegate call.
         *
         * _Available since v3.4._
         */
        function functionDelegateCall(
            address target,
            bytes memory data,
            string memory errorMessage
        ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
            return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
         * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
         *
         * _Available since v4.8._
         */
        function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
            address target,
            bool success,
            bytes memory returndata,
            string memory errorMessage
        ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
            if (success) {
                if (returndata.length == 0) {
                    // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                    // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                    require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
                }
                return returndata;
            } else {
                _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
         * revert reason or using the provided one.
         *
         * _Available since v4.3._
         */
        function verifyCallResult(
            bool success,
            bytes memory returndata,
            string memory errorMessage
        ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
            if (success) {
                return returndata;
            } else {
                _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
            }
        }
    
        function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
            // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
            if (returndata.length > 0) {
                // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                    revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
                }
            } else {
                revert(errorMessage);
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: @openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol
    
    // OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.9.3) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)
    
    // pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
    
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/IERC20.sol";
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/extensions/IERC20Permit.sol";
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Address.sol";
    
    /**
     * @title SafeERC20
     * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
     * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
     * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
     * successful.
     * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
     * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
     */
    library SafeERC20 {
        using Address for address;
    
        /**
         * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from the calling contract to `to`. If `token` returns no value,
         * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
         */
        function safeTransfer(IERC20 token, address to, uint256 value) internal {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Transfer `value` amount of `token` from `from` to `to`, spending the approval given by `from` to the
         * calling contract. If `token` returns no value, non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
         */
        function safeTransferFrom(IERC20 token, address from, address to, uint256 value) internal {
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
         * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
         *
         * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
         * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
         */
        function safeApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
            // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
            // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
            require(
                (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
                "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
            );
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Increase the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
         * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
         */
        function safeIncreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance + value));
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Decrease the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` by `value`. If `token` returns no value,
         * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful.
         */
        function safeDecreaseAllowance(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            unchecked {
                uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
                require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
                _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, oldAllowance - value));
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Set the calling contract's allowance toward `spender` to `value`. If `token` returns no value,
         * non-reverting calls are assumed to be successful. Meant to be used with tokens that require the approval
         * to be set to zero before setting it to a non-zero value, such as USDT.
         */
        function forceApprove(IERC20 token, address spender, uint256 value) internal {
            bytes memory approvalCall = abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value);
    
            if (!_callOptionalReturnBool(token, approvalCall)) {
                _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, 0));
                _callOptionalReturn(token, approvalCall);
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Use a ERC-2612 signature to set the `owner` approval toward `spender` on `token`.
         * Revert on invalid signature.
         */
        function safePermit(
            IERC20Permit token,
            address owner,
            address spender,
            uint256 value,
            uint256 deadline,
            uint8 v,
            bytes32 r,
            bytes32 s
        ) internal {
            uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
            token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
            uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
            require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
         * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
         * @param token The token targeted by the call.
         * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
         */
        function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
            // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
            // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
            // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.
    
            bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
            require(returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    
        /**
         * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
         * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
         * @param token The token targeted by the call.
         * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
         *
         * This is a variant of {_callOptionalReturn} that silents catches all reverts and returns a bool instead.
         */
        function _callOptionalReturnBool(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private returns (bool) {
            // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
            // we're implementing it ourselves. We cannot use {Address-functionCall} here since this should return false
            // and not revert is the subcall reverts.
    
            (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = address(token).call(data);
            return
                success && (returndata.length == 0 || abi.decode(returndata, (bool))) && Address.isContract(address(token));
        }
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: contracts/interfaces/IPermit2.sol
    
    
    // pragma solidity 0.8.18;
    
    interface IPermit2 {
    
      struct PermitDetails {
        address token;
        uint160 amount;
        uint48 expiration;
        uint48 nonce;
      }
    
      struct PermitSingle {
        PermitDetails details;
        address spender;
        uint256 sigDeadline;
      }
    
      function permit(address owner, PermitSingle memory permitSingle, bytes calldata signature) external;
    
      function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint160 amount, address token) external;
    
      function allowance(address user, address token, address spender) external view returns (uint160 amount, uint48 expiration, uint48 nonce);
    
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: contracts/interfaces/IDePayRouterV2.sol
    
    
    // pragma solidity 0.8.18;
    
    // import 'contracts/interfaces/IPermit2.sol';
    
    interface IDePayRouterV2 {
    
      struct Payment {
        uint256 amountIn;
        bool permit2;
        uint256 paymentAmount;
        uint256 feeAmount;
        address tokenInAddress;
        address exchangeAddress;
        address tokenOutAddress;
        address paymentReceiverAddress;
        address feeReceiverAddress;
        uint8 exchangeType;
        uint8 receiverType;
        bytes exchangeCallData;
        bytes receiverCallData;
        uint256 deadline;
      }
    
      function pay(
        Payment calldata payment
      ) external payable returns(bool);
    
      function pay(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment,
        IPermit2.PermitSingle memory permitSingle,
        bytes calldata signature
      ) external payable returns(bool);
    
      event Enabled(
        address indexed exchange
      );
    
      event Disabled(
        address indexed exchange
      );
    
      function enable(address exchange, bool enabled) external returns(bool);
    
      function withdraw(address token, uint amount) external returns(bool);
    
    }
    
    
    // Dependency file: contracts/interfaces/IDePayForwarderV2.sol
    
    
    // pragma solidity 0.8.18;
    
    // import 'contracts/interfaces/IDePayRouterV2.sol';
    
    interface IDePayForwarderV2 {
    
      function forward(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment
      ) external payable returns(bool);
    
      function toggle(bool stop) external returns(bool);
    
    }
    
    
    // Root file: contracts/DePayRouterV2.sol
    
    
    pragma solidity 0.8.18;
    
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable2Step.sol";
    // import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
    // import 'contracts/interfaces/IPermit2.sol';
    // import 'contracts/interfaces/IDePayRouterV2.sol';
    // import 'contracts/interfaces/IDePayForwarderV2.sol';
    
    /// @title DePayRouterV2
    /// @notice This contract handles payments and token conversions.
    /// @dev Inherit from Ownable2Step for ownership functionalities.
    contract DePayRouterV2 is Ownable2Step {
    
      using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    
      // Custom errors
      error PaymentDeadlineReached();
      error WrongAmountPaidIn();
      error ExchangeNotApproved();
      error ExchangeCallMissing();
      error ExchangeCallFailed();
      error ForwardingPaymentFailed();
      error NativePaymentFailed();
      error NativeFeePaymentFailed();
      error PaymentToZeroAddressNotAllowed();
      error InsufficientBalanceInAfterPayment();
      error InsufficientBalanceOutAfterPayment();
    
      /// @notice Address representing the NATIVE token (e.g. ETH, BNB, MATIC, etc.)
      address constant NATIVE = 0xEeeeeEeeeEeEeeEeEeEeeEEEeeeeEeeeeeeeEEeE;
    
      /// @notice Address of PERMIT2
      address public immutable PERMIT2;
    
      /// @notice Address of the payment FORWARDER contract
      address public immutable FORWARDER;
    
      /// @notice List of approved exchanges for conversion.
      mapping (address => bool) public exchanges;
    
      /// @dev Initializes the contract with PERMIT2 and FORWARDER addresses.
      /// @param _PERMIT2 The address of the PERMIT2 contract.
      /// @param _FORWARDER The address of the FORWARDER contract.
      constructor (address _PERMIT2, address _FORWARDER) {
        PERMIT2 = _PERMIT2;
        FORWARDER = _FORWARDER;
      }
    
      /// @notice Accepts NATIVE payments, which is required in order to swap from and to NATIVE, especially unwrapping as part of conversions.
      receive() external payable {}
    
      /// @dev Transfer polyfil event for internal transfers.
      event InternalTransfer(
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 value
      );
    
      /// @dev Handles the payment process (tokenIn approval has been granted prior).
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      /// @return Returns true if successful.
      function _pay(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment
      ) internal returns(bool){
        uint256 balanceInBefore;
        uint256 balanceOutBefore;
    
        (balanceInBefore, balanceOutBefore) = _validatePreConditions(payment);
        _payIn(payment);
        _performPayment(payment);
        _validatePostConditions(payment, balanceInBefore, balanceOutBefore);
    
        return true;
      }
    
      /// @notice Handles the payment process for external callers.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      /// @return Returns true if successful.
      function pay(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment
      ) external payable returns(bool){
        return _pay(payment);
      }
    
      /// @dev Handles the payment process with permit2 approval (internal).
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      /// @param permitSingle The permit single data.
      /// @param signature The permit signature.
      /// @return Returns true if successful.
      function _pay(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment,
        IPermit2.PermitSingle memory permitSingle,
        bytes calldata signature
      ) internal returns(bool){
        uint256 balanceInBefore;
        uint256 balanceOutBefore;
    
        (balanceInBefore, balanceOutBefore) = _validatePreConditions(payment);
        _permit(permitSingle, signature);
        _payIn(payment);
        _performPayment(payment);
        _validatePostConditions(payment, balanceInBefore, balanceOutBefore);
    
        return true;
      }
    
      /// @notice Handles the payment process with permit2 approval for external callers.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      /// @param permitSingle The permit single data.
      /// @param signature The permit signature.
      /// @return Returns true if successful.
      function pay(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment,
        IPermit2.PermitSingle memory permitSingle,
        bytes calldata signature
      ) external payable returns(bool){
        return _pay(payment, permitSingle, signature);
      }
    
      /// @dev Validates the pre-conditions for a payment.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      /// @return balanceInBefore The balance in before the payment.
      /// @return balanceOutBefore The balance out before the payment.
      function _validatePreConditions(IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment) internal returns(uint256 balanceInBefore, uint256 balanceOutBefore) {
        // Make sure payment deadline has not been passed, yet
        if(payment.deadline < block.timestamp) {
          revert PaymentDeadlineReached();
        }
    
        // Store tokenIn balance prior to payment
        if(payment.tokenInAddress == NATIVE) {
          balanceInBefore = address(this).balance - msg.value;
        } else {
          balanceInBefore = IERC20(payment.tokenInAddress).balanceOf(address(this));
        }
    
        // Store tokenOut balance prior to payment
        if(payment.tokenOutAddress == NATIVE) {
          balanceOutBefore = address(this).balance - msg.value;
        } else {
          balanceOutBefore = IERC20(payment.tokenOutAddress).balanceOf(address(this));
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Handles permit2 operations.
      /// @param permitSingle The permit single data.
      /// @param signature The permit signature.
      function _permit(
        IPermit2.PermitSingle memory permitSingle,
        bytes calldata signature
      ) internal {
    
        IPermit2(PERMIT2).permit(
          msg.sender, // owner
          permitSingle,
          signature
        );
      }
    
      /// @dev Processes the payIn operations.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      function _payIn(
        IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment
      ) internal {
        // Make sure that the sender has paid in the correct token & amount
        if(payment.tokenInAddress == NATIVE) {
          if(msg.value != payment.amountIn) {
            revert WrongAmountPaidIn();
          }
        } else if(payment.permit2) {
          IPermit2(PERMIT2).transferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), uint160(payment.amountIn), payment.tokenInAddress);
        } else {
          IERC20(payment.tokenInAddress).safeTransferFrom(msg.sender, address(this), payment.amountIn);
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Processes the payment.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      function _performPayment(IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment) internal {
        // Perform conversion if required
        if(payment.exchangeAddress != address(0)) {
          _convert(payment);
        }
    
        // Perform payment to paymentReceiver
        _payReceiver(payment);
    
        // Perform payment to feeReceiver
        if(payment.feeReceiverAddress != address(0)) {
          _payFee(payment);
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Validates the post-conditions for a payment.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      /// @param balanceInBefore The balance in before the payment.
      /// @param balanceOutBefore The balance out before the payment.
      function _validatePostConditions(IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment, uint256 balanceInBefore, uint256 balanceOutBefore) internal view {
        // Ensure balances of tokenIn remained
        if(payment.tokenInAddress == NATIVE) {
          if(address(this).balance < balanceInBefore) {
            revert InsufficientBalanceInAfterPayment();
          }
        } else {
          if(IERC20(payment.tokenInAddress).balanceOf(address(this)) < balanceInBefore) {
            revert InsufficientBalanceInAfterPayment();
          }
        }
    
        // Ensure balances of tokenOut remained
        if(payment.tokenOutAddress == NATIVE) {
          if(address(this).balance < balanceOutBefore) {
            revert InsufficientBalanceOutAfterPayment();
          }
        } else {
          if(IERC20(payment.tokenOutAddress).balanceOf(address(this)) < balanceOutBefore) {
            revert InsufficientBalanceOutAfterPayment();
          }
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Handles token conversions.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      function _convert(IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment) internal {
        if(!exchanges[payment.exchangeAddress]) {
          revert ExchangeNotApproved();
        }
        bool success;
        if(payment.tokenInAddress == NATIVE) {
          if(payment.exchangeCallData.length == 0) {
            revert ExchangeCallMissing();
          }
          (success,) = payment.exchangeAddress.call{value: msg.value}(payment.exchangeCallData);
        } else {
          if(payment.exchangeType == 1) { // pull
            IERC20(payment.tokenInAddress).safeApprove(payment.exchangeAddress, payment.amountIn);
          } else if(payment.exchangeType == 2) { // push
            IERC20(payment.tokenInAddress).safeTransfer(payment.exchangeAddress, payment.amountIn);
          }
          (success,) = payment.exchangeAddress.call(payment.exchangeCallData);
          if(payment.exchangeType == 1) { // pull
            IERC20(payment.tokenInAddress).safeApprove(payment.exchangeAddress, 0);
          }
        }
        if(!success){
          revert ExchangeCallFailed();
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Processes payment to receiver.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      function _payReceiver(IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment) internal {
        if(payment.receiverType != 0) { // call receiver contract
    
          {
            bool success;
            if(payment.tokenOutAddress == NATIVE) {
              success = IDePayForwarderV2(FORWARDER).forward{value: payment.paymentAmount}(payment);
              emit InternalTransfer(msg.sender, payment.paymentReceiverAddress, payment.paymentAmount);
            } else {
              IERC20(payment.tokenOutAddress).safeTransfer(FORWARDER, payment.paymentAmount);
              success = IDePayForwarderV2(FORWARDER).forward(payment);
            }
            if(!success) {
              revert ForwardingPaymentFailed();
            }
          }
    
        } else { // just send payment to address
    
          if(payment.tokenOutAddress == NATIVE) {
            if(payment.paymentReceiverAddress == address(0)){
              revert PaymentToZeroAddressNotAllowed();
            }
            (bool success,) = payment.paymentReceiverAddress.call{value: payment.paymentAmount}(new bytes(0));
            if(!success) {
              revert NativePaymentFailed();
            }
            emit InternalTransfer(msg.sender, payment.paymentReceiverAddress, payment.paymentAmount);
          } else {
            IERC20(payment.tokenOutAddress).safeTransfer(payment.paymentReceiverAddress, payment.paymentAmount);
          }
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Processes fee payments.
      /// @param payment The payment data.
      function _payFee(IDePayRouterV2.Payment calldata payment) internal {
        if(payment.tokenOutAddress == NATIVE) {
          (bool success,) = payment.feeReceiverAddress.call{value: payment.feeAmount}(new bytes(0));
          if(!success) {
            revert NativeFeePaymentFailed();
          }
          emit InternalTransfer(msg.sender, payment.feeReceiverAddress, payment.feeAmount);
        } else {
          IERC20(payment.tokenOutAddress).safeTransfer(payment.feeReceiverAddress, payment.feeAmount);
        }
      }
    
      /// @dev Event emitted if new exchange has been enabled.
      event Enabled(
        address indexed exchange
      );
    
      /// @dev Event emitted if an exchange has been disabled.
      event Disabled(
        address indexed exchange
      );
    
      /// @notice Enables or disables an exchange.
      /// @param exchange The address of the exchange.
      /// @param enabled A boolean value to enable or disable the exchange.
      /// @return Returns true if successful.
      function enable(address exchange, bool enabled) external onlyOwner returns(bool) {
        exchanges[exchange] = enabled;
        if(enabled) {
          emit Enabled(exchange);
        } else {
          emit Disabled(exchange);
        }
        return true;
      }
    
      /// @notice Allows the owner to withdraw accidentally sent tokens.
      /// @param token The token address.
      /// @param amount The amount to withdraw.
      function withdraw(
        address token,
        uint amount
      ) external onlyOwner returns(bool) {
        if(token == NATIVE) {
          (bool success,) = address(msg.sender).call{value: amount}(new bytes(0));
          require(success, 'DePay: withdraw failed!');
        } else {
          IERC20(token).safeTransfer(msg.sender, amount);
        }
        return true;
      }
    }